2) originated 起源于
The Olympic Games originated in ancient Greece. 奥运会起源于古希腊。
3) participate in the Olympics 参加奥运会
Only men were allowed to participate in the ancient Greek Olympics. 在古希腊奥运会中，只允许男人参加比赛。
4) host city 主办城市
The Olympics will be held in London, England. London is the host city for the 2012 Olympics. 2012年奥运会将在英国伦敦举行。 伦敦是2012奥运会主办城市。
5) torch-lighting ceremony 点火仪式
6) kick off 举行
A torch-lighting ceremony kicks off the opening of the Olympic Games. 在奥运会的开幕式上会举行一个点火仪式。